云南省地理信息产业发展现状与对策研究     

刘利  孙威  管谌  曹会超 《测绘与空间地理信息》2015,(2):21-23,26

在分析云南省地理信息产业发展现状和面临新形势的基础上,提出了云南省地理信息产业发展思路、优先发展领域和支持与服务措施。  相似文献   

数字城市地理空间框架成果在智慧城市建设中的应用研究——以黑龙江省数字城市建设为例     

刘恒飞  张庆全  周源  关显明 《测绘与空间地理信息》2015,(2):150-152,158

从测绘地理信息视角出发,通过对数字城市地理空间框架建设成果的总结与分析,结合智慧城市建设的相关内容,以时空信息云平台为载体,对数字城市地理空间框架建设成果在智慧城市中的应用进行了研究.  相似文献   

基于晴空阈值法的全天空红外图像云量计算     

陈磊  张海波  石鹏飞  韩燕  关军 《沙漠与绿洲气象(新疆气象)》2015,9(3):50-56

为提高新疆戈壁地区云的自动化观测水平,基于全天空红外成像仪(WSIRCMS)获取的红外辐射图像,利用辐射传输模式SBDART分析了仪器测量波段对有云无云状况的敏感性并构建了拟合方程,同时利用典型季节的晴空辐射样本拟合了晴空曲线并统计形成了晴空阈值,最后利用统计晴空阈值对全天空红外辐射图像进行云像素识别和总云量计算。将不同季节总云量计算结果同人工观测结果对比验证表明：观测时段算法计算总云量和人工观测总云量差值在±2成以下的概率均在80%以上,说明该方法具有较高的准确度和较强的实用性,在观测业务中具有较好的应用前景。  相似文献   

COMPARISONS OF CIRCULATION ANOMALIES BETWEEN THE DAILY PRECIPITATION EXTREME AND NON-EXTREME EVENTS IN THE MIDDLE AND LOWER REACHES OF YANGTZE RIVER IN BOREAL SUMMER   总被引：1，自引：1，他引：0  

韩洁  管兆勇  李明刚 《热带气象学报(英文版)》2015,21(2):131-142

Based on the NCEP/NCAR reanalysis dataset and in situ meteorological observations of daily precipitation in boreal summer from 1979 to 2008, the features of circulation anomalies have been investigated using the composite analysis for the extreme events and non-extreme events of regional mean daily rainfall(RMDR) occurring over the midand lower- Yangtze valley(MLYV). The extreme RMDR(ERMDR) events are the events at and above the percentile99 in the rearranged time-series of the RMDR with ascending order of rainfall amount. The non-extreme RMDR events are those at the percentiles 90-85 and 80-75 separately. Our results suggest that the threshold value is 25 mm/day for the ERMDR at percentile 99. Precipitation at all the percentiles is found to occur more frequently in the Meiyu rainfall season in MLYV, and the ERMDR events have occurred with higher frequency since the 1990 s. For the percentiles-associated events, the MLYV is under the control of an anomalous cyclonic circulation in the mid- and lower- troposphere with vastly different anomalous circulation at higher levels. However, at both low and high levels, the ERMDR events-related anomalous circulation is stronger compared to that linked to the non-ERMDR events. The dominant sources of water vapor differ between the ERMDR and non-ERMDR events. During the ERMDR events plentiful water vapor is transported from the Bay of Bengal into the MLYV directly by divergence while there is distinctly increased water vapor from the South China Sea(SCS) in non-RMERMDR episodes. The diabatic heating rates < Q1>, < Q2> and< Q1>- < Q2> have their anomalous patterns and are consistent with each other for these percentiles but their strength decreases markedly with the drop of rainfall intensity. For the precipitation at percentiles 99 and 90-85, the sea surface temperature anomalies(SSTA) in the Pacific distribute positively(negatively) in the south(north), and are stronger when the ERMDR emerges, with little or no SSTA as the events at percentile 80-75 occur. Besides, these results suggest that the genesis of the ERMDR event is directly related to intense local circulation anomalies and the circulation anomalies over the Pacific and SCS in tropical to mid-latitudes, and probably linked with the Pacific SSTA closely while the non-ERMDR events are mainly associated with the anomalous circulation on a local basis. The findings here help understand and predict the happening of ERMDR events over the MLYV.  相似文献   

DISCREPANCY OF THE GLOBAL AIR MASS AND WATER BUDGETS AMONG 20 CMIP5 CLIMATE MODELS     

秦育婧  卢楚翰  管兆勇  智海 《热带气象学报(英文版)》2015,21(3):265-275

The consistency of global atmospheric mass and water budget performance in 20 state-of-the-art ocean–atmosphere Coupled Model Intercomparison Project Phase 5 (CMIP5) coupled models has been assessed in a historical experiment. All the models realistically reproduce a climatological annual mean of global air mass (AM) close to the ERA-Interim AM during 1989–2005. Surprisingly, the global AM in half of the models shows nearly no seasonal variation, which does not agree with the seasonal processes of global precipitable water or water vapor, given the mass conservation constraint. To better understand the inconsistencies, we evaluated the seasonal cycles of global AM tendency and water vapor source (evaporation minus precipitation). The results suggest that the inconsistencies result from the poor balance between global AM tendency and water vapor source based on the global AM budget equation. Moreover, the cross-equatorial dry air mass ?ux, or hemispheric dry mass divergence, is not well represented in any of the 20 CMIP5 models, which show a poorly matched seasonal cycle and notably larger amplitude, compared with the hemispheric tendencies of dry AM in both the Northern Hemisphere and Southern Hemisphere. Pronounced erroneous estimations of tropical precipitation also occur in these models. We speculate that the large inaccuracy of precipitation and possibly evaporation in the tropics is one of the key factors for the inconsistent cross-equatorial mass ?ux. A reasonable cross-equatorial mass ?ux in well-balanced hemispheric air mass and moisture budgets remains a challenge for both reanalysis assimilation systems and climate modeling.  相似文献   

多普勒雷达风场资料在临近预报中的应用   总被引：1，自引：1，他引：0       下载免费PDF全文

刘红艳  魏鸣  管理 《大气科学学报》2015,38(4):483-491

为了研究对流单体移动的运动学和动力学特征,本文综合应用多普勒雷达反射率因子资料和径向速度资料进行雷达回波的外推预报.采用速度方位显示方法(Velocity Azimuth Display,VAD)和交叉相关法(Tracking Radar Echoes by Correlation,TREC),分别得到设定的8个高度的水平风场,并作为回波的引导风,对相应高度的等高平面位置显示(Constant Altitude Plan Position Indicating,CAPPI)反射率因子进行外推.通过两次降水过程分析比较两种方法的外推结果,表明用这两种方法获得的未来60 min内的回波位置与回波实况较吻合;二者在某些高度上预报的评分接近.从两个个例的外推试验发现,预报效果最好的高度层与实际天气过程有关,关键是与降水回波中水平风的垂直分布有关,而不仅仅限于2.5～3.0 km高度.  相似文献   

一次江淮强暴雨过程的湿有效能量及其收支特征   总被引：1，自引：1，他引：0       下载免费PDF全文

马旭林  孙丽娜  姜胜  于月明  官元红 《大气科学学报》2015,38(3):289-298

利用高分辨率的WRF模式模拟结果,采用基于格点的湿有效能量计算方案,对一次江淮梅雨期强暴雨发生发展过程中湿有效能量的时空演变特征进行分析,并从定性和定量的角度探讨了能量方程转换项、平流项和垂直输送项对强暴雨过程中湿有效能量的输送和积聚作用。结果表明,强暴雨过程中湿有效能量的时空特征与强暴雨发生发展具有良好的对应关系,对流层低层800 h Pa湿有效能量40×104J·h Pa-1·m-2的等值线范围和该等值线伸展至500 h Pa附近可作为判断强暴雨发生的必要条件。暴雨发生前2~3 h的能量快速积聚及其对暴雨区移向的引导,对强暴雨预报具有良好的指示作用。湿有效能量的水平和垂直输送及转换确保了能量的积聚和对流层中层能量的增加,为强暴雨的发生和维持提供了充足的能量。  相似文献   

2008年冬季北京上空上对流层/下平流层臭氧的异常特征          下载免费PDF全文

赵倩  刘毅  管兆勇  陆春晖  蔡兆男 《大气科学学报》2015,38(6):796-803

利用国产GPSO3臭氧探空系统观测的大气臭氧探空资料和NCEP再分析资料,结合对天气形势、大气环流背景、高空位涡变化及对流层顶高度扰动的分析,深入研究了2008年冬季北京地区10~14 km高度范围内持续出现的臭氧次峰值及大气臭氧含量异常现象。结果表明:在2008年我国南方雪灾这一特殊时期,引起臭氧垂直分布持续出现次峰值现象及臭氧含量异常的主要原因是平流层空气强烈下沉运动及其与对流层的交换作用,而引起这种下沉运动及平流层-对流层交换则是由于该阶段特殊的天气背景,乌拉尔阻塞高压长时间维持,贝加尔湖到巴尔喀什湖一带横槽稳定存在,里海以东切断低压长期维持,造成冷空气长时间、稳定地南下影响北京上空臭氧的垂直分布。加之副热带急流的出现,北京正处于其入口区左侧,其上空有强烈的辐合下沉运动,有利于平流层空气向下输送。此次臭氧次峰值及臭氧含量异常的现象很好地说明,在冷空气天气过程的影响下,北京地区上空的平流层空气运动及其与对流层的交换十分活跃。  相似文献   

工程测量数据共享机制研究     

马利  陶迎春  张保钢  关丽 《北京测绘》2011,(1):36-38,45

北京市测绘设计研究院(简称北京院)是全国最大的城市测绘院,每年约完成5000余件工程测量任务,其对工程测量数据共享的需求具有代表性.在调研北京市测绘设计研究院各部门工程测量数据情况的基础上,首先对院内工程测量数据的现状和共享现状进行了分析,然后分析了共享中存在的问题,并提出了工程测量数据共享机制的建议,供领导在决策过程...  相似文献   

基于B/S结构的小城镇管网数据库的建立和维护     

张林广  郝多虎  张文燕  张玲  关小果  王果 《测绘通报》2011,(6):32-35

针对我国小城镇地下管网管理的现状,提出建立基于B/S结构的小城镇地下管网数据库的必要性,并详细叙述本数据库具有的功能和优点、建立的技术路线、开发平台以及最终的实现成果,对小城镇地下管网的科学管理具有一定借鉴意义。  相似文献